Pumping apparatus



Patented Mar. 9, i925).

VLADIMIR B. SOUNI'I'ZA, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

PUMPING Arrara/accus.y

Application led February 17, 1925.

To all 107mm t may concern:

Be it known that I, VLADIMIR B. SoU NrrzA, citizen of Russia, and resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumping Apparatus7 of which the following is a speciiication. i

My invent-ion relates to hailing apparatus and has a particular reference to apparatus adapted for hailing or pumping the oil from the wells in the production of crude oil.

VrPhe object of my invention is to provide a hailing apparatus which could be easily adjusted in regard to its hailing or pumping capacity within wide limits by purely me uhanical means.

In pumping out crude oil from the wells it is often necessary to adjust the speed and stroke of the pump according to the rate of the natural flow of the oil. This adjustment is usually accomplished by varying the speed of the electric motor operating the pump, but in practice the variations required usually greatiy :iceed the maximum possible limits of the speed variations of the driving motors. In kmy apparatus this speed variation or adjustment is accomplished by mechanical adjustments with which I can change the pumping capacity of the apparatus within limits ofr3 1 and even more.

My invention is more fully described in the accompanying specification and drawing in which- 'i Fig. 1 is an elevation showing my apparatus in connection with the upper end of a casing pipe in the well and an operating mechanism, Fig. 2 is an end view of same, Fig. 3 is a side view showing another position of my apparatus7 Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional detailed views of parts of my apparatus, Fig. 6 is a view of the central saddle, Fig. 7 is an end hook, Figs. 8, 9 and 1() are views of hinged links.

My hailing apparatus consists of a central or pumping rod 1 extending inside of a casing pipe 2 in a well and passing through an adjustable oil tight packing gland 3 on top of the pipe 2. i A bracket 4 is permanently attached to the top of the pipe and isV provided with two clevises or forks 5. Ililks (l Aare pivoted inthe clevises and are provided iif'ith pins Ton the ends, forming pivoted connections for' the ends of oval Serial No. 9,764.

links 8 and 9. Links 8 are made narrow and [it inside of the wider links 9.- They are provided with central apertures 10 for pins 11, forming pivoted connections between them.`

The upper ends of the links 8 and 9 are pivotally connected with the lower ends of similar links 12 and 13. The upper ends of the links 12 and 13 are pivoted to the lower ends of longer links 15 and 16 which in turn are connected with short top links 17 and 18.

The combination of these links forms an expansive vstructure with different rate lof movement at its different points.

The lower pins 11 and 14-serve only to joint the links, but upper pins 19 are also adapted to support guiding brackets 20 for the rod 1 and lifting rings 21. Other-pins 22 are adapted only for supporting other' guiding brackets.

For this purpose the pins 19 are provided with recesses and shoulders 23 and 24 on their inner ends. Guiding Vbrackets 2O are provided with open slots 25 underneath vwith which they slide over the pin shouldered extensions. lThe recesses 27 of the brackets are made to lit shoulders 24 of the pins, thereby locking the pins in their positions. Central apertures 28 in the brackets provide a freel passage for the rod l. The apertures expand into cup shaped receptacles 29 on top for the cone shaped lower eXtensions of the clamps 30. These clamps are split lengthwise and are provided with bolts 31 with which the two halves of the clamp arejammed together against the rod- 1 thereby securing the clamp in ardesired position.

The weight of the rod 1 with a pump` plunger atthe bottom end (not shown) tend to keep the bracket 20 in Van engagement with the pins 22. The pins 1.9 have also outer extensions 32 with shoulders 33, adapted to engage corresponding recesses in lifting rings 21. rlhe lower aperture 34 is made sufficiently large to pass the head 33 of the pin, but it is made narrower at the bottom by means of a shoulder 35 adapted to lit the recess 32, when there is. an upward pull exerted on the ring 21.

The upper apertures 36 of the rings l21 engage eyerings attached to the ends ofV a steel cable 38; The cable is passed over sheaves 39 journaled npinsl40 littedin the end of a balancing arm 41.6 The iniddlev porM tion of the cable is passed overa Central or compensating sheave or block 42, journaled on a pin 43. Curved guides 44, forming extensions of the arm 41, maintain the correct direction for the cable ends for all positions of the arm 41. This arrangement of three blocks or sheaves admits of a perfect self alignment of the cable on both sides and equalizes the tension from the pump plunger and rod 1.

A spacing ring 45 is placed on the upper end of the rod 1 in order to keep the cables from rubbing against the links. This ring is not shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and in the latter figure the rod 1 is also omitted.

The arm 41 is supported at the middle on a post 46, being rotatively mounted on a shaft 47. The other end of the arm is provided with a groove 48 for a hook 49 attached to the end of an oscillating` rod 50. This rod has a slot with rollers 51 and 52 on pins 53, adapted to engage an eccentric 54 on a shaft 55. with a motor (not shown) or other source of power.

The operation of my device is as follows. The rotation of the shaft 55 with the eccentric 54 causes the rod 50 to oscillate between guides 5G. This oscillating movement is transmitted to the rocking arm 41 which in turn exerts intermittent lifting pull on the cables 38 and, through cable connections 3T and 21, on the links 12 and 13.

The resultant oscillating motion of the joint at the pin 19 is indicated on the drawing with the character H, and the corresponding motions of the other joints above vare correspondingly increased, progressing to the top of the mechanism. The upper joint 57 moves accordingly through a distance n times greater, which is marked with characters 11H on the drawing (Figs. 1 and 3). y

Therefore by placing the clamp 30 above any desired guide 2O it is possible to select any desired amount of travel for the rod 1 within limits of the speeds of different oints of the mechanism. Instead of replacing the same clamp 30, a plurality of clamps may be provided loosely placed on the rod above the joints, yor clamped in inoperative positions, only one clamp being clamped in an operative position, supporting the rod 1 at a desired joint. Y

Longer links 15 and 16 provide a greater step between successive speeds or travels for the points 22 and 58, simplifying the construction and eliminating two eXtra joints, as would be the case with a double number of shorter links. Of course, a largernumber of shorter links may be used in cases when a greater variety of speeds and travel distances .is desired.

The reciprocating motion of the cable is communicated to the rod 1, as explained The shaft 55 is connected above, thereby operating the pump plunger at thelower end of the rod (not shown) and pumping the oil from the vfell. This oil is then exhausted through a side pipe 59 and may be directed to any suitable container.

Vhen the tiow of oil is rapid, the rod 1 is connected to the highest point of the mechrnism, giving the pump plunger a maximum of movement and the highest rate of pumping. The power expenditure will be correspondingly large.

lWith a diminished rate of flow the rod 1 may be locked to some intermediate joint of the mechanism so as to reduce the rate of pumping and the power requirements. `With a properly constructed mechanism it is possible to get all the pumping speeds desired with ordinary constant speed electric motors, operating the shaft 55, thereby effecting a considerable economy in the installation.

T he simple mechanical connections shown are made possible by the fact that all joints are under constant vertical tension from the rod 1.

It should be noted, that the operating mechanism may be made of any suitable construction, and, for 'istance, instead of an eccentric 54, a crankshaft connection may be used, or other similar device adapted to produce a reciprocating movement for the rocking arm 41.

The links 8, 9, 12, 13, 15 and 1G may be constructed in any desired shape and form and in any desired number. The mechanism may be also made to operate in an inverted position, that is with the point 57 fixed or stationary and with the point 14 free to move up and down.

Important advantages of my mechanism are that it permits use of wide range of pumping capacities for the same arrangement and with the same driving motor; also a constant speed motor nay be used with a corresponding economy in the motor itself and the control mechanism. The parts of my mechanism are simple to make, easy to assemble and can be easil.v taken care of by an ordinary mechanic.

Another advantage is that for different strokes et J[he pump the motor speed may be kept constant. thereby obtaining its highest eiiiciency and not subjecting the reciprocating parts to greater stresses which are produced if the motor speed is increased.

In order to operate my toggle jointed system of links any suitable flexible carriers may be used, such as cables, chains, ropes, etc.

Instead of ring shaped links, as shown, a double row of flat links may be also used.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a pumping mechanism, the combination with a pump plunger, a casing` pipe, a rod extending from said plunger through the top of said casing pipe, a plurality of links pivoted together and forming an eX- pansive system, means to support one end of said system, means to impart a. reeipro* eating movement to said system, and means to connect said rod With diierent links of said system.

2. In a pumping mechanism, the combination with a pump plunger, a casing pipe for said plunger, a rod extending from said plunger through the topof said casing pipe, a plurality oi ring shaped links pivoted together at their middle portions and at their ends and forming an expansive toggle jointed system, means to support one end of said system, said rod being adapted to pass inside of said ring shaped links, means to impart a reciprocating movement to said system, and means to connect said rod selectively With one of the joints of said system.

3. In a pumping mechanism, the combination with a pumpl plunger, a casing pipe, a rod extending from said plunger through the top of said pipe, a plurality of ring lshaped links pivoted together at their middle portions, successive links being pivoted together at their ends and forming an expansive toggle jointed system, guiding blocks supported on the central pivots of said links and provided with central apertures for said rod, means to selectively lock vsaid rod with one of said guiding blocks,

means to support one end of said system, and means to impart a reciprocating movement to the free portion of said system.

4; In a pumping mechanism, the combination with a pump plunder, a casing pipe, a rod extending from said plunger thro-ugh the top of said pipe, a plurality of ring shaped links pivoted together at their middle portions, successive links being pivoted togetherA at their ends so as to form an expansive toggle jointed system, guiding blocks supported inside of said links on pivots connecting middle. portions of said links and provided Iwith lcentral apertures for said rod, clamps for said rod adapted to cooperate with said guiding blocks, flexible carriers on both sides of said rod, means to selectively connect said flexible carriers with one of the joints of said system, and means to impart a reciprocating movement to said flexible carriers. Y

5. In a pumping mechanism, the combination With a pump plunger, a casing pipe, a rod extending from said plunger through the top of said pipe, a plurality of links pivoted together at their middle portions, successive links being pivoted together so as to form an expansive system, guiding blocks supported between said links and provided With -apertures for said rod,`means to support one end of said system, clamps adapted to selectively connect said rod with one of said guiding blocks, flexible carriers extending on both sides of said rod, means to selec-y tively connect said iexible carriers with one of the joints of said system, means to support the upper ends of sai'd carriers, means to impart areoiprooating movement to said carriers, and means to equalize the tension on said flexible carriers on both sides of said rod.

6, I n a, pumping mechanism, the combination with a pump plunger, a casing pipe, a rod extending fromfsaid plunger through the top of said pipe, a plurality of links pivoted together at their middle portions, successive links being pivoted together thereby forming an expansive toggle joint'- ed system, guiding blocks supported between said links and provided with apertures for said rod, means to support one end of said system, means to selectively connect said rod with one of said guiding blocks', flexible carriers extending on both sides of said rod, means to selectively connect said carriers with joints of saidv system,-a rota tively mounted rocking arm, means to impart a reciprocating movement to said arm, sheaves4 for said carriers on the end of said arm, and an equalizing sheave on top of said arm and between said other sheaves, said flexible carrier beting oained together at the periphery of said equalizing sheave.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, February i VLADIMIR B. SOUNITZA. 

